A Report On The Health Of Woburn Residents - 1117 Words

Emily Bream (Epidemiologist) October 11, 2016 Plaintiff 1 Kassandra Aguilar- Opening/Closing Statements Wendy Moreno-Carillo: Geology Amy Lam: Medical Doan(Nikky) Tran: Chemical Emily Bream: Epidemiology Stella Kao: Companies Bill Zhou: Hydrology Statement of Charges A half-mile neighborhood, in the town of Woburn, has a staggering 8 cases of Leukemia amongst children -- a rate that is three times the national average. These cases were discovered following the construction of local Wells G and H, both of which received complaints of water quality. Upon investigation, we discovered that the contamination of both of the wells is likely a significant factor in the health of Woburn residents. Pollutants used by companies in the area, trichloroethylene, are known to cause Leukemia. The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality Engineering discovered high amounts of trichloroethylene in wells G and well H. This chemical is commonly as a cleaning fluid -- the most efficient way to dispose of it being to simply discard the waste into a secluded body of water. In the case of Woburn, trichloroethylene seeped into soil which would later contaminate the water in both wells after they were built. Following the infrastructure of the water supply, the c ontaminated drinking water made its way to the neighborhood that would later experience the tragic loss of two children, and the following diagnosis of Leukemia in 6 others. We are hereby setting out to prove that theShow MoreRelatedIncarceration: Prison and Inmates10532 Words   |  43 Pagesare held in detention centers to ensure appearance in court and to protect public safety if less restrictive alternatives are not available or appropriate. The state or local jurisdiction is usually responsible for providing education, recreation, health, assessment, counseling and other intervention services with the intent of maintaining a youths well-being during his or her stay in custody. More intensive treatment and remedial activities are usually made available in dispositional facilities

The Causes And Traits Of Oppression - 1614 Words

This research paper will outline the causes and traits of oppression in America. Dynamics such as the social, historical, and psychological systems that serve as vessels of oppression will be addressed. Using academic research, the goal for this essay will be to discuss the characteristics of oppression and how those characteristics are connected to its origin. The research will develop major themes that will serve to define agents, including classism, discrimination, and the intersectionality of different types of oppression. Discussions on strategies for addressing and ending the current oppression in America and recommendations for the future will be highlighted as well. Traits of Stigma and Prejudice When working to determine the causes of oppression, one must first establish a definition of the word. Oppression can be perceived as being a broad, which can lead to disempowerment of the term. For the purposes of this paper, oppression is defined through the lens of both institutional and internalized oppression. Institutional oppression is define as the occurrence of established laws, customs, and practices systematically reflecting and producing inequities based on one’s membership in targeted social identity groups (Cheney, 2012). In regards to institutional oppression, oppressive consequences such as classism, prejudice and discrimination are typically attributed to institutional laws, customs, or practices. Internalized oppression is internalized oppression is theShow MoreRelatedWomen In Politics900 Words   |  4 Pagesthat exaggerating assertive, masculine traits lead to greater acknowledgement and access to power (Ross, 2002). Empirica lly, women politicians who co-opt these masculine traits are considered ‘honorary men’, and are rewarded with political capital – a notable example being the United Kingdom’s Margaret Thatcher, known for her assertiveness and aggression. 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For me, leadership can be simply described as somebody whom other people follow, or as someone who guides or directs others. There have been many studies on leadership for over centuries, trying to search for the characteristics and traits of leaders. While the study of leadership can be traced back to Aristotle over 300 years BCE, the study of management has only developed since the 20th century, arising with industrialisation. In comparison, management can be described as an artRead MoreAn Analysis Of Wuthering Heights 1688 Words   |  7 Pagesculturally subjected by the actions of the male populace. There is a clear and distinct mistreatment of women in the two texts, however it serves to better improve their advancement as it is in their backlash and resistance towards male disposition that causes them to become culturally revolutionary and significant. 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It allows us to think about multiple identities and how they may be interconnectedRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1347 Words   |  6 PagesIn George Orwell’s Animal Farm, the windmill that the animals build symbolizes totalitarian triumph, highlights the novel’s Soviet parallels, and emphasizes various themes and character traits. The windmill reveals the despotic and megalomanic tendencies of the pigs, particularly Napoleon, and the hardworking and naà ¯ve nature of Boxer, the horse. It also brings the themes, such as the abuse of language to bolster power, and the danger of a naà ¯ve working class, to light. Animal Farm’s symbolic

Showrooming Free Essays

There is a new problem for retailers these days, it’s called, showrooming. According to the Wall Street Journal’s article, â€Å"Can Retailers Halt ‘Showrooming’, their definition of this term is, â€Å"shoppers who scope out merchandise in stores but buy on rivals’ websites, usually at a lower price. As stated in the article, â€Å"Today half of shoppers who buy products online first checked them out in a traditional store, according to a recent study of 900 shoppers by Minneapolis-based research firm ClickIQ Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Showrooming or any similar topic only for you Order Now While the majority of survey respondents favored Target and Wal-Mart stores for researching merchandise, half of the online consumers wound up making their purchases on Amazon. † So the problem many retailers are facing is trying to keep their customers from going to cheaper online alternatives. Many retailers are starting to scrounge for new ideas, some are dropping the price of their online stores 1% to 2%, others are trying to work with their suppliers to make their products exclusive to their stores, and a few are encouraging clerks to refer shoppers to their online stores when they cannot find the item. Using this article managers may now understand why they seem to be losing profits in their stores. So the next step for the managers would be to figure out why shoppers are not buying from them. As a manager, I would take a look at our prices compared to the online stores and figure out some incentives to keep our customers. I would start with coupons, rebates, and price matching programs. I would push to make our items more exclusive to our stores, and for the online shoppers, offer free basic shipping and more online deals and selections. I would push for ways to make shopping more enjoyable in the store with exceptional customer service, a knowledgable sales staff, next day store pickup for out of stock items, and a clean and friendly shopping environment. How to cite Showrooming, Papers

Portland Blood Slam monologue from the play by Nick Zagone Essay Example For Students

Portland Blood Slam monologue from the play by Nick Zagone Essay A monologue from the play by Nick Zagone YOUNG MAN: Ran her debit card for purchase Flaming haired young thing tats on the side of her face and spikes up and down her ears Ran her debit card for the purchase Her books: Ditta Von Teese and the newest young adult Twilight schlock I’m unfazed, how Portland ubiquitous Ran her debit card for purchase Thin waif, seemed tall but must have been the heels, pale against her black tank top Ran her debit card for purchase Pretty tough but pretty and the look seemed to fit her and she was comfortable in it? Some aren’t The confidence might be what made her†¦ well†¦ â€Å"Please enter your PIN† (Not your PIN number?that would be Personal Identification Number-Number BTW) She leans over the counter now close, into my†¦ area Holding the pad (not many do) Mentions (like many do) that the keypad was unusually loud (It does have an annoying little â€Å"beep!†) There’s reason for that: And I give her my patent one liner: â€Å"Yeah, but during Christmas in here? You can’t even hear it.† She looks at me quizzically, lets that sink in, I smile, she coyly volleys a smile back: And. There. They. Were. Full reveal, there they were: Fangs She had Fangs Pearly white and brilliant against blood red lipstick She had Fangs Made her entire mouth gleam red and full She had Fangs About a half an inch long. Bicuspids. Canines? I don’t know I’m not a dentist, And I wasn’t about to go Google it either because I was too busy being stunned into zombie like silence. Fangs. This is new. Of all the tats spikes henna piercing scarring branding and kidyounot even devil horns, Of all the book stores in the city your insecure show-your- independence-body-mutilation had to come into Powell’s Forget that. Of course she would whatwasIthinking In the seconds seemed like minutes seemed like hours— I was trying to think†¦ fake or grinded or implanted? Or maybe†¦? Now starting to, really becoming conscious of how: â€Å"Stirred† I was. Stirred was I. Deepdown. Deeep doowwn Abdomen. Thighs. Loins. Seen women with Fangs in the movies hundreds of times but see real ones Grotesquely beautiful ones up close You suddenly realize the allure I was turned on and off simultaneously My Catholic physiognomy simultaneously made me believe yet crushed my instinct Yin yet Yang Simultaneously I don’t really know what I’m saying. Basically, to be base, my John Thomas didn’t know whether to pull a Frampton Comes Alive or shriek and shrink into my pelvis: â€Å"Closed†¦ But Please, please, please, call again.† Because frankly what if her mouth came anywhere near my†¦ Oh god: And She knew it: What she was doing She’d seen it before And she liked it. What she was doing: She had fangs. I guess that’s why you’d get Fangs. And like a zombie automaton mouth agape, staring, I put the receipt in the books the books in the bag put the bag in her hand and then stopped, we played a little tug of war, she raised an eyebrow and I said: â€Å"I’m sure you’ve um. Been asked. But†¦ um, I guess what I want to inquire is um— Why?† â€Å"Why?† She says â€Å"Why? That’s new. Usually I get ‘how?’† No, I’m just like, ya know†¦ Why? And she says â€Å"Well, I guess, so I can do this: Oh. And I let go of the bag. And she smiles again. And as she leaves, as she struts, as she moves across the store she keeps her eyes on me†¦ all the way, out†¦ the door. And then†¦ in the window, because I’m still watching, she pauses and she does†¦ .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 , .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .postImageUrl , .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 , .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7:hover , .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7:visited , .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7:active { border:0!important; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7:active , .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7 .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0c836b993f5bf33ca1db14b4711e28a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Women of Trachis – A monologue from the play by Sophocles Persuasive Essay †¦this. Well, I’m on the clock, working, but hey I also got a girlfriend and that didn’t stop my ass either.

Sexual Harassment Thesis - Topics and Subtopics That Must Include In It

Common sexual harassment cases in most industrial sectors The students need to write their essays and theses on various topics. These topics may be related to their academic subjects or some issues in the society. To talk about the thesis topics, we have to say that lots of high-class students research on the sexual harassment. This type of harassment has caused a concern to everyone in our modern society. Thus, the students get interest in writing on this issue. The college professors also assign their students to write the best thesis statement about sexual harassment. Let us first tell you about the basic details on sexual harassment. It is better to know the definition of the sexual harassment. Most of the international organizations, including ILO, UN and EU, have defined it as the unlawful sexual activity. This activity violates the legal rules, and thus, sexual harassment is a type of crime in several countries in this world. While composing a sexual harassment thesis, you will find lots of things to write on this paper. Now, we have talked about the topics that you can choose to write your thesis statement for sexual harassment essay. You can easily pick one to start your research on the topic. Common sexual harassment cases in most industrial sectors Some students choose to write on the workplace sexual harassment for their thesis paper. In that case, your statements about sexual harassment have to be relevant to it. You can find out the industry or business sector, where this sensual harassment is very common. In most cases, marketing industries, sales, hospitality sector, educational industry and banking sector, you can find this sexual crime. To write the thesis, you need to talk about the reasons for which the employees at these sectors face this issue. For instance, in the automobile sale sector, the women, working as the sales agent, put on sexy clothing for selling the cars. That is why they endure sexual advances to close their car deals. However, the public spaces and hallways, you may also find various instances of harassment to the women. Who faces the higher risk- men or women? Most of us do not know the answer of this question. You can have a detailed study on this topic for sexual harassment thesis statement. You can try to find out various real instances of the sexual violence. From newspapers, media and various other sources, you will get information on it. While you have answered the question, you have to find out the evidences for it. In most cases, the researchers have found that 50 to 80% of the women face different types of sexual abuse or harassment in their workplace. You may also find various risk factors that make the low-wage employees much vulnerable to the sexual harassments. Thus, you must not miss out these factors to write an informative thesis. These female workers are highly reliant on tips at the restaurant, and they have a risk of jeopardizing those tips, they succumb to the harassment. Thus, by presenting various types of evidences, you will be able to prove that women are more at the risk of the sensual harassment. Gender, race and national identity are other factors that cause the biased treatment at the workplaces. The immigrant employees deal with the language-related barriers, and they cannot easily look for help during the violence. They are also not familiar to the laws of the country, where they are working. All these reasons result in the increasing risk of sexual violence. The transgender persons in the society are also vulnerable to this type of risk. Due to their different sexual orientation, they face the violence, teasing and molestations. Physical seclusion is another risk factor, causing these criminal activities. Most of the hotel employees work alone, and the guests take this advantage by assaulting those employees. They forcibly kiss the female workers and do different other types of physical assault. Domestic workers, housekeepers and nannies also cannot find any weapon for protecting themselves. We have found out some of the instances, where females have a very high chance of facing the sexual harassment. You may look for more information to make your arguments stronger in your thesis. However, some thesis writers also write about the men, having high susceptibility to the sensual harassments. In that case, you have to search for the proofs that back up your arguments. With all our efforts, you can compose the best thesis about sexual harassment. Behaviors, indicate a type of sexual violence In most cases, the sexually violent behaviors are clear and obvious. However, in few instances, the victims cannot think of whether they have to file a sexual harassment lawsuit against the criminal. Thus, you can create a thesis to include this information on the sensual violence. Usually, this violence is of two major categories- Hostile environment and quid pro quo. To compose the body of your thesis paper, you have to give detailed information on both these categories. Quid pro quo The meaning of the phrase indicates that you have to give a favor for another favor. This is applicable in the workplace sexual harassment. The employers or the senior-level officers of any company may ask for sexual advanceto the employees by offering- A chance of promotion Relocation Salary rise and various other types of favors The claims of quid pro quo may turn up at any time. It can range from the recruitment decisions to the termination of employment. For instance, a job applicant may have an interview session with a manager or other senior-level officers. During the interview, these officers may ask the candidates to give them sexual favor, and in return, they will offer job to the candidates. Sexual jokes and negative remarks on the physical look are the few ways in which the alleged persons harass the female employees. Quid pro quo is one of the common subjects that you must include in your thesis. Your detailed information on this topic will add value to the papers. Your readers will also have interest in the content. Hostile environment This is another form of violence, which results in the abusive environment at the workplace. It prevents the employees from continuing their job. Some of the common harassments include- Repeated sexual advances Impeding the worker from free moving at the workplace Unpleasant jokes Few of these instances are not easily provable at the court. However, workers or the victims feel distress at the workplace. Touching, groping and threats are most common acts of the criminals. These acts do not affect the employees benefits, including the promotion and salary. Thus, the interactions and comments from the employers or seniors at the workplace make the environment uncomfortable. As you are one of the thesis writers, you may find out some new information in this field. You can try to know why some employers or bosses intend to abuse others sexually. You have to reveal the difference of two different types of the sexual violence. Add new information and details to your thesis. Your thesis paper will also be helpful to those, who have a chance of facing this violence. Statistical information on sexual harassment victims The statistical data is must for any type of thesis. Thus, to write the thesis paper or thesis statement on sexual harassment, you have to find out the accurate statistics. You have to make out the percentage of male and female victims of this harassment. On average, more than 50% of women have reported the case of sensual violence. The age of most of these victim women is between 18 and 34 years. The supervisors and employees, in the senior positions are mostly the alleged persons in these cases. Some men have also claimed that sexual harassment is not always the result of gender discrimination. There are various other reasons behind these instances. You can find these harassments by the vendors, suppliers, customers and various other third parties. You can create a separate paragraph in your thesis to add these statistical details. Make sure that you have obtained the information from the reliable sources. You can clearly reveal the findings of your research on the relevant topic. Talking about the policies on sexual violence You have to focus on the policies on communication, enforcement policies for preventing the victimization and the processes that can be effective at workplace to avert the harassments. You must also reveal that the perception of the employees is one of the major factors to apply the above policies. The victims have to be able to identify sexual harassment to punish the alleged persons. The presence of any loophole can cause the creation of hostile environment or sexual violence. Persuade your thesis readers to know the importance of these policies. It will make the society free of any type of violence. Most of the females remain silent after getting sexually harassed at the workplace. They have a fear that their protestation could result in the loss of job. However, this silence would cause an increasing rate of this type of criminal activity. Most of the victims do not report against the criminals at the right time. They also think that their report and disclosure of the incidents may damage their own reputation. They are afraid of facing other serious threats from the harasser. Include all these facts to your thesis about sexual harassment. You may create a subtopic under which you can write this information. Sexual harassment and its effects There is another relevant thing to be written on the thesis. The sexual harassment can affect the victims in different ways. For instance, the victims can feel the headache, stress and low self-esteem. They cannot sleep peacefully for their fear. There are also negative effects on the workplace. Absenteeism, job withdrawal, low standard performance and fear of employment are the common adverse effects on the victims at the workplace. The sensual harassment is also common in the school, and the victim students have its impact in different ways. These students try to keep away from participating in the social activities and they lose their concentration on the study. Start your research on other effects, resulted from the sensual harassments. Create the most relevant content for your thesis paper. It may be a college level or PhD-level thesis. However, all the above facts are important to your thesis writing assignments. Spend more time on the research and you will be able to make your thesis quality much better. It is also better to get the professional help from the certified writers. Sexual harassment- Write about the protective steps The common risk factors, relating the sexual violence, are of various types- Community members, peer, interpersonal relationship, workplaces and schools. There are also different factors that can reduce the risk of sexual violence. Find out those factors to engage the readers in your thesis papers. However, while writing the sexual harassment thesis statement, you have to reveal everything in few sentences. There must be an end to all types of sexual violation and victimization. The victims have to take an instant step against the criminal to prevent these acts in future. A counselling session with the victim also alleviate the problem in few cases. Your thesis papers have to encourage the readers to take all these steps. Their steps would reduce the increasing risk of sexual harassment or abuse in the present society. Thus, we have talked about various topics, related to the sexual harassment. You may include all these issues in your thesis papers. However, we think that it would be better to focus on any of the aspects of sexual harassment. You will find it easy to write thesis statement for sexual harassment. You can look for the professionals to write the thesis statement and the lengthy thesis papers. They will apply all their skills to compose the high-quality content for your thesis. Your professor will approve the thesis statement and you can easily achieve your academic degree.

Normal Nuts Essay example

Normal Nuts Essay example Normal Nuts Essay example Normal Nuts ENC 1101 (02) Informative Essay (Surprise Reversal) Television host, actor, and comedian Howie Mandel is married with three children but is most recognizable for his role on America’s Got Talent but did you know he also suffers from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (Mandel). A common misconception in society is that someone with a mental illness cannot function normally in society and needs to be locked up in an institution. It is often forgotten that mental illnesses are in fact, actual medical conditions and not just a word used to label crazy people. Some mental illnesses that people have stigmas about are Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia. In actuality people with mental illnesses can hold jobs, have families, and lead productively lives once treated properly (Fisher

PepsiCo Business Level and Corporate Level Strategies Research Paper

PepsiCo Business Level and Corporate Level Strategies - Research Paper Example From the paper, PepsiCo emerged in 1965 as a business union between Frito- Lay, and Pepsi- Cola. Later on, the company acquired Tropicana in 1998. Additionally, in 1998 it merged with Quaker Oats and later with Gatorade in 2001. PepsiCo mainly deals with beverages, snacks, and foods with revenues over $ 65 million dollars. The company aims to be a global leader in the production of convenient beverages and foods. In addition, it aims to increase shareholder’s wealth, empower employees, business associates and communities in which they conduct business. The company is divided into PepsiCo Americas Foods, PepsiCo Europe, PepsiCo Americas Beverages and PepsiCo Middle East and Africa. Under the business strategy, corporations with various businesses treat each as a separate strategic business unit. Essentially, in each unit, there are independent markets or products served by organizations with each serving diverse environments. For each market (or product segment), there is a uni que environment suitable for that division. In order to attain a competitive advantage then the organization ought to satisfy the needs of customers with a focus on youth. The essence of the business level strategy is the customers; the young people. The unique taste and features of the customers are a critical factor in ensuring that the strategy works properly. In addition, the consumption patterns of the youth should be taken into account when implementing the business level strategy. Market research on the customer’s preferences helps to gain a competitive advantage over Coca-Cola, which is more recognized globally in the beverages sector than Pepsi Cola. Maintaining a good relationship with customers has been effective by providing superior products to customers. The massive investment in market research and R&D is a testament to this. The Company focuses on brand loyalty, particularly in America. This loyalty translates to value creation and an increase in profitability for the company. The business strategy also tries to reach more global customers given that international business is more globalized than ever before. The business level strategy is also related to the generic five forces of competition. Thus, the strategies aim to gain a competitive edge over similar companies. One of the forces is the threat of new entrants. Given the popularity of soft drinks and the vast revenues among beverage companies, new entrants pose a huge threat. The emergence of new entrants is likely to come from emerging countries due to the low cost of production. In spite of the threat posed by new entrants, the industry is capital intensive with research and development a necessity for the companies.

Effects of Taxation on Macro & Micro economics Term Paper

Effects of Taxation on Macro & Micro economics - Term Paper Example Adam Smith, the famous father of economics was behind the classification of economics. This term paper seeks to evaluate the effect of taxation on both the Macro & Micro economics. Taxation is a key facet in any economy as suggested by Adam Smith in his work on Canons of Taxation .The paper also suggests the areas of further study, in which researchers and other scholars are invited to work on. The Overall the study of economic environment is divided into two halves, microeconomics and macroeconomics. The "Micro" originated from a Greek word. The word means small. Microeconomics entails the study of individual economic units. It is concern with particular individual elements in the economy. It thus gives a worm’s eye view of the economy."Macro" originated from Greek word whose meaning is large. Macroeconomics entails the study of global perspective of the economy. It combines the national or international economy concepts of economy e.g. Total Output, Income and Expenditure, U nemployment, Inflation Interest Rates and Balance of International Trade, etc and what economic policies a government can pursue to influence the conditions of the national economy. It thus gives a bird's eye-view of the economy (Gupta 409) This term paper will focus on taxation as a factor that affects both micro and macro-economic fields. The overall function of taxation is to provide funds to finance the activities of government and can be discussed in the following terms: First, Tax revenue is required to pay for goods and services which government provides: These could be public such as defence or merit goods such as education and medical services respectively. Second, a major function of taxation is to bring about some redistribution of income of income – progressive tax system. Third, Tax revenue may be used to pay interest on national debt. Fourth, Taxation may be used as a fiscal policy instrument to influence full employment levels. Fifth, Social welfare function: i s the use of tax to discourage the production of harmful commodities. Sixth,-Protection policy Function. The Seventh function is the economic stability goal by discouraging unnecessary expenditure (Marshall 87). Adam Smith was the first economist to study the principles of taxation and how they affect the economic environment. Adam Smith came up with principles of taxation; these are equity, certainty, economy and convenience. He came to believe that when a tax is imposed certain conditions must be fulfilled. These conditions are what he called canons of taxation (Marshall 324).These are: The Canon of Equity: This refers to the fairness of a tax system. It’s borne out of the feeling that â€Å"the states’ subjects should support the government in a proportionate way in regard to the revenue they derive’’ (Marshall 324). This means that every person should pay the tax based on the ability; they don t pay the amount. There are three approaches of achieving equity, namely: The Benefit Principle; under this approach, benefits derived from the consumption of goods and services are used as the basis for taxation. Thus people should be taxed according to the benefits they derive from the consumption of public goods. The disadvantage here is to determine the benefits and expenditure of each tax payer. First, The ability to pay: Here the argument is that citizens of a given country are differently endowed in wealth and earnings. Besides the government cannot raise enough funds to finance public expenditure if each and everyone was asked to pay the same amount of tax. So ability to pay should be the basis for taxation because the tax burden is distributed equitably. However, ability to pay is very difficult to effect because of

Loan Request for StartUp Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Loan Request for StartUp Company - Essay Example I've had the opportunity to work with Mr. Buser on another project in the recent past. He has a no-nonsense type of leadership style and relies heavily on his staff. He makes the decisions and then turns over the responsibility to his people. I've never met Ms. McSwain, though I managed to find an interview she did recently in a local business magazine. She comes across as a very progressive risk taker that is not afraid to try new approaches. However, she is very meticulous about the numbers. I hope to convey the point that Online Education is a fast growing field that offers the investor some unique opportunities. I want to make the case that it is a profitable business and that we have a solid, well thought out, business plan. More importantly, I want to impress Mr. Buser with the fact that we have covered all the angles on the product, its quality, and our ability to deliver it. I see the presentation as having the twin motives of selling the product to Mr. Buser, and convincing Ms. McSwain that our business plan is flawless. I plan to make a brief introduction and give them time to meet John Lennox from our IT department. He will be accompanying me to address any technical issues that may arise.

Themes of Madness in Hamlet

Themes of Madness in Hamlet To be or not to be begins one of the most famous soliloquies of all time by an author that has stood the test of time, William Shakespeare in his play, Hamlet. There are several different themes that are relayed within Hamlets story. These themes include death, obsession, and betrayal, all of which contribute in some manner to encourage Hamlets madness. In every theme, the audience can relate on a universal level both back in the day and in contemporary times as death, obsession and betrayal are common entities, well known today and will continue to be known and understood until the end of time. There are many overlapping themes that all relate back to Hamlets madness, specifically including death, obsession, and betrayal. Nature of Hamlet The underlying theme of madness is represented quite often in the play. In the play, Hamlet exhibits a puzzling nature. Hamlet contradicts himself throughout out the play. He endorses both of the virtues of acting a role and being true to ones self. He further supports both of these conflicting endorsements with his actions. This ambiguity is demonstrated by his alleged madness, for he does behave madly, only to become perfectly calm and rational an instant later. These inconsistencies are related with the internal dilemmas he faces. He struggles with the issue of revenging his fathers death, vowing to kill Claudius and then backing out, several times. In the first act Hamlet appears to be very straightforward in his actions and inner state. When questioned by Gertrude about his melancholy appearance Hamlet says, Seems, madam? Nay it is. I know not seems (1.2.76). This is to say I am what I appear to be. Later he makes a clear statement about his state when he commits himself to revenge. In this statement the play makes an easy to follow shift. This shift consists of Hamlet giving up the role of a student and mourning son. Hamlet says,Ill wipe away all trivial fond records, All saws of books, all forms, all pressures past, That youth and observation copied there, And thy commandment all alone shall live Within the book and volume of my brain (1.5.99à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ103) Hamlet is declaring that he will be committed to nothing else but the revenge of his fathers death. Conviction When Hamlet appears again in act two, it seems that he has lost the conviction that was present earlier. He has yet to take up the part assigned to him by the ghost. He spends the act walking around, reading, talking with Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, and the players. It is not until the very end of the act that he even mentions vengeance. If he had any of the conviction shown earlier he would be presently working on his vengeance. So instead of playing the part of vengeful son, or dropping the issue entirely, he hangs out in the middle, pretending to be mad. This is shown when he says to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern I know notà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœlost all my mirth, foregone all custom of exercise (2.2.298à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ299). Later he tells them that he is just feigning madness when he says, I am but mad northà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœnorthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœwest, when the wind is southerly, I know a hawk from a handsaw (2.2.380à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ381). Admitting so blatantly that he is only feigning madness would imply that he is comfortable with it. He also seems to be generally comfortable with acting. This is evidenced when he says, there is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so (2.2.251à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ252). Hamlet is saying that behavior shapes reality. Hamlet is prompted to vengeance, again, by the moving speech that is given by one of the players. About this speech he says, Whats Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba, That he should weep for her? What would he do Had he motive and cue for passion, That I have? (2.2.561à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ564) In this praise of this players ability to act, Hamlet is saying that if he were such an actor he would have killed Claudius by now. This link between vengeance and acting that is present here is what Hamlet struggles with until very near the end. When Hamlet is advising the player on how his lines should be read he says, Suit the action to the word, the word to the action (3.2.17à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ18). If Hamlet would follow his own advice he would not have a conflict. This shows that he is not consistent within himself. Hamlet is saying one should not distinguish between word and actions, but he does maintain this separation. Yet when Hamlet speaks with Horatio he praises him for being objective, levelheaded, and for having a consistent character. He is praising Horatio for being true to himself, not being an actor. Hamlet says,Give me that man, That is not passions slave, and I will wear him, In my hearts core, ay, in my heart of heart, As I do thee. (3.2.69à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ72) Hamlet is saying this because he wants Horatio to watch the King at the play. He is unsure of his uncles guilt, and he wants proof. He wants it from someone who he thinks is honest throughout. It comes back to acting and vengeance or in this case he has failed in his vengeance and needs Horatio to agree with him. Hamlet says to Horatio, Observe mine uncle. If his occulted guilt, Do not itself unkernnel in one speech, It is a dammed ghost we have seen, (3.2.77à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ80) Proof, however, does not have any thing to do with the role Hamlet is supposed to play, but there is more to it than that. The interesting thing is that his uncle will be judged by how he acts during the play. If the King is a good actor, and does not show his guilt, he will most likely not be killed. However, the King is not a good actor and when he rises Hamlet responds with, What, frighten with false fire? (3.2.254). Its as if Hamlet is saying its only a play, its not real. He does say something to this e ffect a few lines before. Your majesty, and we that have free souls, it touches us not (3.2.229à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ230). This new proof drives Hamlet to use more words. He is again to talk of killing, and he says, Now I could drink hot blood (3.2.379). He again associates this with a role, that of Nero. The soul of Nero enter this firm bosom (3.2.383). Later Hamlet again talks himself out of character and does not kill the King. He puts it off until later and says, When he is drunk asleep, or in his rage, At gaming, swearing, or about some act, That has no relish of salvation in it, Then trip him that his heels may kick at heaven, And that his soul may be dammed and black (3.3.89à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ94) Death Hamlet frequently thinks about suicide throughout the course of the play. Hamlets perspective on his life can be seen in his To be or not to be speech. Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And, by opposing, end them. To die, to sleep- No more, and by a sleep to say we end The heartache and the thousand natural shocks is only the beginning of his verse (3.1.59-64). By mentioning the thoughts of suffering the slings and arrows that are naturally lifes tribulations, followed by the consideration of facing a sea of troubles by living, it is apparent that he desires to experience death. Hamlet hopes to avoid and not to be subjected to inevitable heartache that is simply part of life, and by wishing to not have to tolerate pain, exhibits his wish to die. At the end, Hamlet has apparently made the decision that he would rather die, but if, and only if he were not afraid of what would come after death . In a manner of speaking, this also reflected Hamlets depression in that he would constantly think about death. He was melancholy to say the least. The question remains as to whether or not this is madness. In truth, it is possible that because he contemplates suicide in a very real way, it could possibly be thought of as madness as it is not a thought that any normal person would ever have. Instead, a normal individual may see issues in life that need to be dealt with instead of run away from which may have been what Hamlet was doing. Madness surrounds this possibility of death because most individuals will never truly contemplate taking their own life in any normal circumstances. In any event, Hamlets uncertainty is also what drives Hamlets obsessions, which revolve around the betrayal leading to the death of his father. Obsession and Betrayal Hamlets obsession revolves around the betrayal his family has faced at the hands of his uncle. Despite the fact that Hamlet appears to have been given evidence that his uncle did, as a matter of fact, murder his father, it seems as though this so-called evidence is simply not enough for Hamlet to be absolutely certain. Where wilt though lead me? Speak; Ill go no further Hamlet begins in Scene V (Shakespeare) Although this statement may be perceived as Hamlet attempting to stand his ground in search for answers as to what is happening, the other side of this could also be that he is somewhat afraid of the specter that is standing in front of him. During Shakespeares time period, fear of ghosts was not unusual because it was believed that ghosts did indeed exist as a way of explaining sometimes what seemed to be supernatural things. The ghost of Shakespeares Hamlet first appears in Act I and reveals truths to Hamlet, one of which is admitting that he is Hamlets murdered father. A conve rsation takes place between Hamlet and the ghost of his dead father where the ghost openly accuses Claudius, Hamlets uncle, of having been the murderer by stating that The serpent that did sting thy fathers life Now wears his crown (1.5.39-40). If the ghost is indeed Hamlets father and is to be believed, theoretically, the ghosts accusation should be all of the proof that Hamlet needs, yet he continually searches for proof, all the while replacing normal joys with his obsession to know the absolute truth behind the betrayal the resulted in the death of his beloved father. Eventually, his obsession with his fathers death gets reinforced by an increase in separation from his family as well as his loved ones. Simply seeing a ghost raises questions of madness because reality says that there are no such things as ghosts, but yet, people still claim to see ghosts. In this particular case, it can be thought that Hamlet descended into madness even further as he attempted to come to terms with several factors that surrounded this particular event in the play. The first factor that really stands out is the fact that Hamlet sees a ghost period. Not too many people will see such things unless they are perhaps clinically and mentally disturbed. That is the first implication that signals Hamlets madness. It continues even as others see what Hamlet sees. Even Hamlets friends, Horatio and Marcellus, see him after Hamlet has seen his fathers ghost. Hamlet truly wants closure for the loss of his father and as such, urgently wants assurances as to what has been witnessed from his friends perspectives. While his friends fear the ghost, Hamlet feels as though he must go in order for the ghost to talk to hi m. Is it madness that drives him to go forth and attempt to communicate with the ghost? Honestly, it can be looked at from either perspective. Simply believing that an individual can even talk to a ghost is somewhat disturbing. There would have to be some sort of mental illness or blockage there to believe that he truly was talking to his fathers ghost. At the same time, maybe it was not madness as it could have been because there are many different ways that an individual learns to cope with what they are dealing with. In this case, Hamlet must learn to deal with the loss of his father and perhaps seeing something like a specter is in fact his coping mechanism. That cannot possibly be healthy, but for lack of better explanation, at least it is a way to cope. On the other hand, it can even be questioned as to whether or not he may instead be experiencing a true mental illness like schizophrenia. The only reason that can be tossed out the window as an option is because his friends al so see the ghost even if they are unaware as to who or what it is supposed to stand for. Also considering the fact that the only person that the ghost talks to is Hamlet, it would seem that perhaps this was also because Hamlet was the only one willing to see and talk to the ghost. Perhaps that is also a sign of madness as he allowed himself to communicate with someone that really should not exist in any real scientific manner. Since Hamlet seemed to be far past the idea true sanity, it would further seem that his talking to a ghost would simply add to the madness that is Hamlet. As the play progresses, Hamlet has become separate emotionally from his family and the woman he once proclaimed to love, Ophelia. He would rather push Ophelia away and encourage her to go to a nunnery because of the way he has come to view women in general. He goes on to tell her that he loved her once, only to say that Ophelia should not have believed me, for virtue cannot so inoculate our old stock but we shall relish of it. I loved you not (3.1.119-121). How hurtful that was to the fair Ophelia and did nothing but make her wish for the Hamlet she once knew. Clinical depression exhibits withdrawal from loved ones, as Hamlet has done here with Ophelia. Hamlet even finds it necessary to be vulgar towards Ophelia as it would have been impossible for him to continue to love her while simultaneously attempting to avenge Hamlet pulled away from the woman he had once proclaimed to love and still continued to contemplate his fathers death as well as his own. The death of Hamlets father is also reflective of the types of plays that were written of the time which were morality plays. The play contains many elements that are reminiscent of the Dark Ages such as the idea of the nation being diseased like a physical being which reminds the audience of the plague that had run rampant during medieval times. It is interesting that the health of the country and the well-being of the family are so closely related in such a manner that the country actually reflects the family. This brings forth the dark ages to the audience because the people held the royal family largely responsible for the plague and felt as though the royal family could have done more for the people as opposed to simply getting away. Denmark is constantly described as a physical person that has been made ill by the moral corruption within the family. In writing Hamlet, Shakespeare wrote what was common for that time which was a morality play. Clearly, morality played a significa nt part in the entire piece as Hamlet struggled with the idea of death. After the kings death, Hamlet is obsessed with death and looks at death from several different points of view. Then again, death was a common component of life during the dark ages what with the plague having run its course through Europe. With all of the surrounding destruction, contemplating death was normal, but for Hamlet, it took a slightly different twist. Real Madness or Not? Some might argue that Hamlets madness was real or not, but in truth, it was a truly disastrous time in Hamlets life. His father had passed away and his uncle had just married his widowed mother. This was then followed by the appearance of the ghost of his dead father with instructions for revenge, and then as if that were not enough, Ophelias father had made it impossible for Hamlet to see her. It is no wonder that Hamlet had episodes of madness throughout the play and appeared to lose touch with reality a number of times. In all reality, Hamlet never fully lost touch with reality and as such did eventually stop exhibiting his insanity after his argument with Laertes in the graveyard. Even in considering the revenge that was plotted against Claudius required some sort of reality hold in order to plan something effectively for it to really work. Once Hamlet saw his ghost of a father, his sole purpose in life was to uncover the truth about the matter and avenge his father should it be deemed necessary. From that perspective, madness seemed to be the perfect vessel to manipulate the way that the people worked around him. In fact, madness allowed him to confuse Polonius into believing that Ophelia was the root of his madness so much in fact that Polonius went to the king and queen who also seem inclined to believe that Ophelia could in fact be the cause of Hamlets madness. For Hamlet to carry this on effectively, he would have had to retain some sort of connection to reality in order to manipulate those that would otherwise doubt whether or not he actually knew what he was talking about. Hamlet was a brilliant man indeed! Final Thoughts It would seem that being a good actor is paramount to survival in this play. Polonius could not stick to the role of adviser and was trying to convince the King that Hamlet was in love with his daughter. This leads him to spy on Hamlet, and because he could not do that right either, is killed. Ophelia could not handle the role of mourning for her father, goes mad and dies as a result. The King could not cover up his guilt, so Hamlet has the proof he needs to spur him on. Overall, Hamlet, who if he would have acted as the ghost instructed him to in the first place, instead of flip flopping around, would have killed Claudius outright. Had Hamlet been truly comfortable with acting, Claudius would have been the only causality. Depending on how Hamlet is examined, it would appear that there are both real and not quite so real bouts of madness. Given the time in his life, it would be more likely that Hamlet would in fact be a victim of madness while still retaining some of his ability to keep in touch with reality to some extent. This attachment is what kept Hamlet from going entirely over the edge, but ultimately, his madness is what caused the story to take the path that it did because his madness led to his obsession which bled over into several different other themes within the play.

The Development of Musical Literacy in Relation to the Learning of a Primary Language :: Musical Education Music Essays

The Development of Musical Literacy in Relation to the Learning of a Primary Language Many parents demolish their child’s chance to succeed before they send them off to their first day of kindergarten. So much of American society believes more or less that the talent and abilities of a child can only be as good as what was passed onto them from the genes of their parents. Therefore, before they even enter the school system, parents, teachers, and students alike hold high, average, or low expectations for the success of the child. These expectations can be held for all areas of school subject matter, but they tend to especially apply in areas where society considers talent instead of persistence to be one of the chief attributors of success. Such an area is music. I am always amazed at the amount of parents who are willing to say â€Å"Well, I’ve never been able to understand music, and my child certainly could not have inherited any kind of musical ability from me. Therefore, even if they really want to try to learn music, they probably won’t be very good at it.† This kind of rationality can at best set up the child to believe that they have a very small chance of being good at music, and cause them to give it a try anyway, and to keep persisting if they are met with a moderately surprising amount of success. Typically, a child will be resistant against any musical instruction they are faced with if they have been told either verbally or indirectly that they have not inherited any talent for it, and thus continue the cycle of â€Å"Well, I was never good in music, therefore my children won’t be either†. What would happen, however, if children were all raised from birth with the attitude that regard less of their background, they could all achieve amazing measures of success in whatever they tried to do? What would be the outcome of a society that believed talent was something that could be developed upon entrance into the world, instead of a set amount being instilled into a child based upon what they inherited from their parents? First, I would like to show that talent, especially musical talent, can be developed. Second, I would like to offer more successful ways of teaching children to develop these talents.

The Influence of Art on Common People

The Influence of Art on Common People Art is a medium of self-expression; it can also be a challenge that intimidates people. Art can influence common people in many ways: â€Å"It could be a source of inspiration for people with hidden artistic skill; it could ignite the passion to create something of beauty; it could unblock fears and insecurities,† wrote author Molly Prather in her article, â€Å"How does art influence people? † Or it could easily be ignored. Dr. Margarita Cole, an art appreciation instructor at HCC, defines common people as those who are not exposed to art or those who are not familiar with visiting museums.This includes people who consider art alien. She talked about the influence of art on common people saying, â€Å"Some people ignore art or consider it weird. Others ask themselves what is this for? Many of them do not find answer. But for some people who find in art an answer, it is a discovery. † Sharon Hendry, a graphic designer, artist and HCC instructor, has another point of view: â€Å"Artists have two main objectives when they do art: One is to put something in a visual format to express a message; and second is that they use art as a medium of communication. Art can communicate without words,† she added.Common people are affected by art in different ways. Hendry said, â€Å"People react when they look at an artwork filtering their emotions through their personal experiences, their personal history. † â€Å"The way people are affected by art,† Dr. Cole said, â€Å"depends a lot on their upbringing — the amount of exposure to art that they have and what is their conception of beauty. † Art is a medium of communication and it can have a deep impact, or be very tenuous. â€Å"If we are open to art, we can take advantage of it; if we are closed to it, there is no way,† Dr. Cole commented. She added, â€Å"Deep (art’s communication) as you allow it to go.If you allo w yourself to feel the soul of the artist you are going deep. † Hendry made an example about communication â€Å"When you text a message in your cell phone, you are trying to communicate with somebody. The other person could receive or deny your message. If the person that you are trying to communicate with sends you a response, you are establishing communication. The only way that an artist knows if his artwork communicates a message is when he receives feedback,† she added. Some people are reluctant to engage with art maybe because they do not want to allow a communication with it.Dr. Cole talked about a case: â€Å"A student came to me after class and told me about a collage assignment; he was trying to work on it but it was very difficult to do and he could not finish it. Actually, he was not scared about the work otherwise; he was showing his insecurity to do the task. We can put people in front of a challenge and some will say: ‘Okay let’s do it. â⠂¬â„¢ Others will react the opposite way, refusing to do it when in fact, they are reacting to their fears. † â€Å"Art can serve as inspiration to awaken the imagination, talent and skill hiding in someone.It can unlock your fears and insecurities about creating,† Prather wrote. Hendry corroborated this, saying, â€Å"This is why art is important to me in my life. All those thing —inspires creativity, discovers hidden talent and unlocks fears and insecurities — have helped me and helped my students. † Anna Reyner, an art therapist, wrote the article â€Å"Art Influences Learning† in which she said, â€Å"Much has been written about how art enhances creativity, imagination, and self-esteem, but far less is said about how art encourages cognition, critical thinking, and learning. † She mentions the U.S. Secretary of Education report, â€Å"The Value Added Benefits of the Arts,† which states, â€Å"Studies have shown that arts te aching and learning can increase student’s cognitive and social development. The arts can be the link for students in developing the crucial thinking skills and motivations they need to achieve at higher levels. † In the same article Reyner wrote, â€Å"Our current education system places great emphasis on academic development. As a result, arts programs are being reduced or even eliminated from classrooms to accommodate more didactic teaching methods. Broadly speaking, are common people aware at the importance of art as a part of children’s education? Dr. Cole opined, â€Å"If they are not exposed to art, they are not going to be able to do anything. † Dr. Cole said, â€Å"My students have to go to museums as a part of the class requirements, but a lot of them are not interested and are reluctant to do the assignment. If you are not exposed to art, it is likely the next generation will not be exposed to art either. † â€Å"Politics is more advoca tes trying to make money,† Hendry commented. Consequently, art is not a priority in the line of their funding. † Art is present in everyday routines in many ways. Many people are aware of it while others are not; still others are indifferent. Promoting the benefits of art could be a difficult task. â€Å"To promote art,† Dr. Cole said, â€Å"we have to expose people to art, encourage them to visit museums, and also educate gallery personnel to bring friendly treatment. Some people go to museums and get out angry because of the bad treatment by the personnel.Educating gallery personnel is very important if you want to promote art. † â€Å"Parents have to encourage children to be involved in art,† Hendry commented, â€Å"but many times they are very busy or they do not know how beneficial art is on their children’s educational process. † â€Å"Children learn best when both sides of their brains are stimulated,† writer Kevin Crocket t said in the online article â€Å"How Art Influences Childhood-Development? † â€Å"This occurs when the learning environment is both participatory and interactive.The modern classroom does have a participatory side but it is sorely lacking in interactivity. Drawing and art is one of the best ways to bring interactivity into your child’s life. † â€Å"Art has to be included in the raising of child,† Dr. Cole stressed. â€Å"It is very important to encourage trips to museums, developing child interaction with artworks. † â€Å"Do not under estimate the importance of creativity, the ability to think abstractly (out of the box). The best thinkers, inventors, and entrepreneurs of our time have a healthy dose of right brain influence,† wrote Crockett.

Diplomatic and military fronts 1948 Arab

Diplomatic and military fronts 1948 Arab The ongoing attention that is accorded to the war that took place in 1948 did not originate from the distinctive facets as a campaign that was based on the military might of the concerned nations. In fact, the more pronounced historical effects of the war are what roused inquisitiveness of the public, as well as interest from academics.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Diplomatic and military fronts: 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are several effects of the war such as the emergence of Israel, and its unrelenting existence as a leader in fronting civilization from the west in the region. The war that started in 1948 is still ongoing although there have been spirited campaigns to end the war. There are several consequences that emerged, such as the refugee problem, which has seen Palestinians become refugees in their own land. The end of the Second World War saw most countries in the region attain some level of independence from colonial mandatory rule. Britain played a significant role in influencing most of the treaties that were signed in the region among the countries. The war had started in 1947 and ended on 14 May 1948. The cause of the ceasefire is attributed to the approval by the Jewish People’s Council of the proclamation that affirmed the forming of a state on the Jewish side in Eretz. This state was to be known as Israel. How did the Zionists try to garner political support in the aftermath of World War 2 and the Holocaust in their dealings with the Superpowers, United Nations, and UNSCOP? Zionists tried to garner support in the political aspects of their cause through various actions such as pushing through a delay on the treaty for partitioning of their land. They used the period that was allotted due to the delay due to the lack of support for the recommendation to put pressure on a large number of nations. They campaigned for these na tions to vote for the recommendation at the UN General Assembly. They used their position as the victim in the holocaust to influence several nations to consent to the recommendations. The Zionists used any means necessary, and any method that they had to in order to get their way (Shlomo 267).Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They addressed certain delegations from different regions informing them that they would manipulate the donors so that the much-needed aid that they received would be blocked from reaching them. The evolution of the Haganah, including its role in the great Arab revolt and world war two The Haganah may be referred to as the Hebrew defense organization. The organization dates back to the 1920s when activists formed some sort of defense commissions in the regions of Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv. The fall of Ti Hai saw the rise of the Jerusalem commission. In the course of the Passover riots (Nebi Samuel), the Haganah played a crucial role in defending the region. This was against the Arab invaders. The Achdut Ha’avoda party, in a convention, formally recognized Haganah. This party consisted of a couple of groups namely the Federation of Agricultural Workers, and the Poalei Ziyon. The main team in the group consisted of members from the Jewish Legion as well as the Zion Mule Corps. There were also members from the Hashomer guards group, which was in place to take care of the interests of the Jewish settlers in their abodes. Tensions rose among different groups who were disgruntled with the security arrangements. The Haganah was considered illegal at the time. They had no source to arm themselves and they were considered ineffective. The group was placed under the Histadruth Labor Federation to try to prop it up, but the riots that took place in 1921 rendered it ineffectual. The Zionists elite wanted to legalize the organization following this debacle. It would be under the British army. The soldiers of the brigade felt as though they would be weakened further. It was then deprived of finances. The group lost the Hashomer people, which was a move that saw them, weaken even further than before. In 1929, the Haganah became a force to reckon with. They were more effective in the riots that took place in Jerusalem, Haifa, as well as Tel Aviv. The political leaders backed the group making it a nationwide organization.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Diplomatic and military fronts: 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Arms were shipped in from Europe, and most of the soldiers were in their youth. The young adults took charge of operations that were carried out by the group. They formed underground factories for the manufacture of light arms. In the period of 1936 to 1939, the group started training it mem bers in the use of commando tactics. This was under Charles Wingate. The main reason for forming this group was to protect the TAP or Haifa oil pipeline. The group was also trained in attacking, rather that defending, as was the norm in its operations. The British coordinated its operations with the group although it was officially banned. The cooperation was in the course of the World War 2, as well as the Arab riots. The British managed to subdue the Arab revolt with the use of maximum force. They eventually turned on the Haganah forcing its members to go into hiding. During World War 2, the Haganah sunk the Patria, which was a ship that was ferrying 1,800 Jews who were being taken to Mauritius by the British (Shlomo 267). Their intention was to cripple the ship, but unfortunately, it sunk killing 260 people who were aboard. When the Second World War started, Haganah offered the British help. Both parties did not dispute this since the British had the fear of an Axis infiltration in the northern part of Africa. Following the defeat of Rommel at El Alamein in the year 1942, the support that was accorded to Haganah by the British authorities was withdrawn. The formation of the Jewish Brigade Group in 1943 followed a series of requests and conciliations. This was the first fully-fledged Jewish group to serve in the British army as an independent unit. The only way that Jews had served in the British army in the past was as soldiers who had signed up to serve. The brigade consisted of over 4,500 soldiers, and it was sent to Italy to fight in September of the year 1944 (Fraser 198). It was called off in 1946. The total number of Palestinian Jews who ended up serving in the war on the British army side was in the range of 30,000 (Fraser 198).Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Haganah created a powerful unit in May 1941. The Palestinians formed this crack commando unit in anticipation of the withdrawal of the British army and subsequent invasion of the Axis. The unit trained its young members, and they acquired special skills in sabotage as well as guerilla tactics. What preparations were made by the Haganah prior to the outbreak of the 1948 conflict for seizure of territory and the expulsion of Arab Palestinians? One of the senior members of the Zionist realized that a full-scale war with the Palestinian Arabs could not be avoided. David Ben-Gurion went on a money-raising quest, in a bid to ensure that Haganah was supplied with more arms for their cause. Te money was also supposed to be used to purchase two airplanes. Although most of the Palestinian Jews had served in the British army in the Second World War, majority of them had not come face to face with mortal combat. They hardly had any experience in warfare. They formed the core of the army tha t was being rounded up. Several other groups joined up with them such as the Red Army and the French Foreign Legion. There were also volunteers from the northern parts of America including Canada and the United States of America. Following the decision to partition the region by the UN General Assembly, volunteers flocked the region in search of an opportunity to serve in the Haganah army. The total amount of money that was raised was in the region of $130 million (Laqueur 317). The IDF was typified by a custom that was the main strength of the group. The group made up for what they lacked such as arms and money, with their audacious antics, as well as their resourcefulness. The group was informal due to their status as an underground movement. The group was close knit with most of the members being familiar with each other. They lived together as neighbors and brothers. Their military intelligence system became highly enhanced due to their need to adapt to their limited resources. Their hierarchy was more or less informal. The commando tactics and night training augured well for them since their resources were limited. Their entire operation was based on their need to survive, and they managed to take full advantage of all head starts that they had. They managed to absorb most of the people whom they saved from the Nazi-occupied regions in the European states that had been overrun by the Germans. How successful were they in implementing their strategies and policies, and how did this affect Israel’s stance on a two-state solution, the return of refugees and the status of Jerusalem once the hostilities ended? Most of the later year leaders of Israel were former members of the Haganah group and they were sympathetic to the cause of the group. Although the policies could not be fully implemented, the group received sympathy in the form of the Israel Defense Forces, which took over their role but absorbed most of the members. The Haganah liberated interned refugees from camps such as Atlit detainee camp. The group continued to help with illegal immigration. They also continued with anti-British campaigns aimed at sabotaging the British operations in the region. Israel acquired recognition as a state, and the leader David Ben-Gurion came up with some crucial decisions that raised plenty of controversy among stakeholders in the region. The issue of militias was outlawed, and all groups were banned including the Haganah. There was a major uproar, and it brought about the generals revolt. Fraser, Tom. The Arab-Israeli Conflict: Studies in Contemporary History, Basingstoke, England: Palgrave MacMillan, 2008. Print. Laqueur, Walter. The Israel-Arab Reader: A Documentary History of the Middle East  Conflict, New York, NY: Citadel Press, 1969. Print. Shlomo, Chaim. The Arab-Israeli Wars: War and Peace in the Middle East from the  1948 War of Independence to the Present, Adelaide, South Australia: Greenhill, 2004. Print.

Child Maltreatment essays

Child Maltreatment essays The conception of what constitutes maltreatment of children and in fact the whole concept of what constitutes a designation of being a child has changed over time, like many other societal definitions. The designation of a child as a vulnerable member of society that requires special protection by parents and others is in fact a relatively new concept, and this is especially true of the social designation of adolescence. (Kellman, 2005, p. 81) Historically, childhood has been seen as a sort of temporary designation of years where the child was expected to act as much like and look as much like an adult as possible and engage in as much work as their physical body could endure to help support the family. "To the Puritans, children were miniature and deficient adults who had to be restrained from wasting time on sinful play." (Kellman, 2005, p. 81) This idea may have been an aspect of the fact that Puritan belief was wholly founded in traditional Christian theology which demonstrated a protectorate position of children, not because they were inculpable, but precisely because from the moment of birth (and some argue conception) they are beings capable of becoming either soldiers for God or agents of the Devil. Just as completely as Christianity rejected abortion, infanticide, expositio [unwanted infant abandonment, practiced during the Greco-Roman period] and pederasty, it wholeheartedly embraced the importance of the "upbringing" of children. As Bakke summarizes the thought of John Chrysostom: "The definitive goal [of upbringing] is to equip children for the kingdom of God." Not only were the souls of "morally responsible" children at stake, but parents who failed to equip their children were in jeopardy of losing their salvation as well. Childhood and parenthood were substantively refocused on the family as parents took on the primary task of training, in Chrysostom's imagery, "athletes of Christ." It can even ...

Hamlet by Shakespeare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Hamlet by Shakespeare - Essay Example the period from the 14th up to the 17th centuries, but also a series of works of literature and art with specific characteristics. The Renaissance literature in the west is discussed in this paper. Particular emphasis is given on Shakespeare tragedy and Elizabethan drama. It is proved that Renaissance literature is differentiated from the works of literature of other periods, probably under the influence of the social and cultural trends of the specific period. In any case, it is made clear that the expansion of Renaissance, as a social and political movement, has been strongly supported by the literature of the particular period, as proved through the analysis of the ideas and the trends promoted through the Shakespeare tragedy, the Elizabethan drama and other works of literature that were aligned with the principles of Renaissance. In order to understand the nature and the role of Renaissance literature, it would be valuable to refer to specific works of literature of the specific period. Shakespeare tragedy and Elizabethan drama represent the principles of Renaissance as they have been aligned with the political and social ethics of Britain in the particular period of time. At first level, the following issue should be made clear: western literature has been strongly affected by Renaissance literature as these two types of literature have been developed within the same geographical area. For this reason, Renaissance has managed to influence western literature more than other types of literature developed internationally, for instance the Japanese literature. This phenomenon is highlighted in the study of Moore and Moody (187) and seems to be quite logical, also in terms of the common political and social traditions of western countries. In accordance with Keenan, the Renaissance literature had to faced an important problem: most of the works of literature developed during the particular period proved as ‘not timeless’ (Keenan 38), as initially t hought. It is noted that since the 17th century, the reputation of Renaissance authors, like Shakespeare, started to fell (Keenan 38), a phenomenon that has lasted up to the late 19th century (Keenan 38). Then, the interest for the Renaissance literature and works of literature, like Hamlet, increased significantly. Regarding specifically Hamlet, the specific work of literature was considered as ideal for identifying information related to Elizabethan England of the Renaissance period (Keenan 38). Hamlet, a play that performed for first time approximately at 1600-1601, has been based on the Danish history, a tale initially developed by Grammaticus (Keenan 92). It is explained that Shakespeare has alternated the tale and added a series of events, such as the appearance of the ghost of Hamlet for increasing the elements of tragedy related to the particular story (Keenan 92). These events and dialogues have been considered as necessary in order for tragedy to be increased; at the same time, the response of Hamlet to the events showed the role of revenge, as a tool for enforcing justice, even if this tool is not legally and socially justified. However, given the fact of the development of court corruption in that particular period, as presented through Hamlet, the use of revenge for enforcing justice seems to be appropriate, as this support is reflected in the response of the audience, which tends to support Hamlet. Hamlet, like the other works of Shakespeare, emphasized on tragedy, a fact that has made

GROUPS AND TEAMS IN AN ORGANIZATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GROUPS AND TEAMS IN AN ORGANIZATION - Essay Example According to Williams Institute, people believed that there are "right" and "wrong" choices. Coincidently, people make different choices with their personal ethical values. Williams Institute attempts to develop a program in which they assist people and guide them in the process of making ethical decisions. Groups and teams play a vital role in making an organization more productive and also it's concerned in the increase of output of the organization. In an organization it's a collection of individual's goal, objectives, efforts and staying united by interacting with each other and staying together until the task will not be accomplished. Sometimes teams or group would be made temporarily by the organization to achieve or accomplish some task or objective and after the completion of that task; those teams or groups are automatically obsolete. Effective team will not achieve any task if the members of the team don't know the strength and weaknesses of each other as well as the organization. If the teams and groups are nor united or share their skills and knowledge with each other while staying in the organization or performing their functions and activities for the organization that would play a negative role in firm's productivity and its success.

To What Extent might Globalization be seen as Disadvantageous to Our Essay

To What Extent might Globalization be seen as Disadvantageous to Our Society - Essay Example Before moving on, there is a dire need to define what globalization, in essence, is - globalization is a term which encompasses a number of difficult series of economic, social, technological, cultural and political changes that have been happening from time to time on the global front. These changes have seen some serious strides that have been made with regards to increasing interdependence as well as mergers and interacting units between people from different locations and companies with diversified interests. The term started to take form in the year 1944 but it was not before the year 1981 that the economists actually started using it. The main person responsible for coining the term globalization is considered to be Theodore Levitt. Furthermore, in an economic zone, globalization plays a significant role in increasing trade on an international front which as compared to the global economy, is much faster and ahead of its time. In addition, one can predict an increase in the flow of capital that has been coming from the global regimes which might include the foreign direct investment as being one part of it. Moving on, there are the agreements which are signed on a global scale that eventually lead to world bodies like the World Trade Organization (WTO) and others. Global financial systems also come to light as their developmental work gets thumbs up. International transactions speed up as the world bodies like WTO, WIPO, IMF and the like play their role in a more coherent and active manner. Economic practices like global sourcing or outsourcing as we know of it, off-shoring and others increase courtesy the multinational concerns. Hence poverty-driven mechanisms are enacted but not followed to the extreme core, t hus resulting in the poor masses which are spread in every nook and corner of the world today. Â  

Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

Lord of the Flies Essay William Golding’s Lord of the Flies follows the tale of a group of boys stranded on an isolated desert island, after their plane crashed. It takes place during an unspecified nuclear war; which was a major threat post WWII. Throughout the book Golding explores how a difficult situation can transform middle class English boys into having a much more savage nature, as well as splitting the ‘good’, from the ‘bad’. By the end of chapter 1, Ralph and Piggy have already formed some sort of order, and by the time Jack and his choir are introduced, Ralph is already being looked up to by the other boys; especially the younger ones, or â€Å"littluns†. Jack appears, and instantly attempts to take over Ralph’s role and enforce his power by ordering his choir about as though he should be chief. The choir at first appears orderly and immaculately dressed, soon after this they are addressed as ‘hunters’, and due to the heat strip down their uniform, which causes them to look much less civilised. This also happens with the other boys in their school uniforms. The transformation of the choir marks a significant loss of order from the boys former lives. This could also symbolise the first step in a slow change towards savagery on the island and influence the behaviour of others. Soon after the arrival on the island a clear hierarchy is visible with leaders such as Ralph and Jack on top closely followed by Simon and the other â€Å"bigguns† with â€Å"littluns† and Piggy being at the bottom; having to accept insults and jeers from the other children, especially Jack, who seems to house a special hatred for piggy from chapter one. Near the beginning of the book Ralph and Piggy find a Conch horn near the platform where they have their meetings. The â€Å"conch† as it is then refered to, is a major aspect in the rest of the book as it brings all the kids together, (â€Å"we can use it to call the others! ). The conch could also be seen as a symbol of power and a link back to authority and their families; it is very unlikely that the other kids would look up to ralph without the conch, â€Å"and most obscurely, yet most powerfully, there was the conch. † Shortly after finding the conch horn and prenouncing Ralph as chief, Jack, Simon and Ralph, decide to go on an expedition up the mountain, which will play a major part later in the book, as it is where they have several meetings, maintain the fire and cook. In chapter 2, the idea of ‘the beastie’ is introduced, by an unknown ‘littlun’. Not only does this idea scare him, but also all of the other smaller kids, and to a point , the ‘biguns’ as well. This symbolises, not only to us, but the kids as well, that the island might not be all good, and they might not only be having fun as they thought they would. Other subtle words and phrases used, such as â€Å"harsh cry† may also be a sign of events to come. The fact that the unknown boy who died in the forest fire would have been a massive shock to all of them. Not only is it the shock of someone actually dieing, but it is also the antipode of what they are used to, being safe at home. It might also slam the realization that they are in fact stranded. In the beginning of chapter 3, Jack’s â€Å"obsession† with hunting is clearly apparent, right from the start. It describes him like an animal, â€Å"Jack was bent double†¦ His nose only a few inches from the humid earth†¦ bolting and nearly mad† However, like in the first chapter with the pig, he is still unable to kill. This is probably on of the most frustrating aspects for Jack, whereas Ralph and Simon think from an entirely different angle, with the fact that they should build shelters and find fresh water, rather than eat meat. In chapter 4, Jack manages to don a mask which allows him to behave in a much more animalistic way, finally allowing him to kill; however it is also a massive step towards total savagery. Towards this point in the book, all of the kids are starting to behave in a much more savage manner. Jack’s change in behaviour comes from the first killing of the pig which engulfs the entire group and encourages them into savage behaviour. By painting their faces, they are able to kill and perform awful acts which they would have never considered doing at home due to feeling like different people. With the masks, and the change of personality that it brings, they also behave much more aggressively, â€Å"Kill the Pig! Bash her in! Slit her throat! † Even to the reader, this seems totally crazy and disrespecting of life. Jack especially changes his behaviour out of all of them. After the first kill, it’s obvious that all of his frustration is let go and the taboo of killing is lifted; he also acts a lot more aggressively, even without the addition of the mask. As in the beginning of the book, when they were planning to build shelters and houses, they now plan to kill a pig every day, even they were lucky to find one, and it took seven of them to catch it. Jack’s evolving hatred towards Piggy is probably due to the fact that Jack is such a different character to Piggy so he might not be used to Piggy’s personality and this could unsettle him. Jack could also possibly be jealous of Piggy’s intellect. They also have very different methods of problem solving and survival. Jack is more brute force whereas Piggy is more strategic. Jack is also very used to being in charge as it was what he was taught in the choir. As in chapter 1, when he thought that he should be chief and Piggy saw through Jack and saw the possible evil which lurked within. Overall, Jack’s statement may have had some credential towards the beginning of the book, but towards the later chapters, both reader and character see that it is becoming increasingly difficult to retain order and a basic civilization due to the way that all of the kids behave. This reinforces Golding’s idea that there is a savage element in all of us.

Different Attitudes of the First World War as Expressed in Poems by Var

When war first broke out in 1914 the general attitude towards it was patriotism. Many young men grabbed the chance to fight for their country and show the women their braveness, they thought they would come back heroes, however they did not know what happened beyond the cheerful and brave faces seen in the news papers and the blissful time the soldiers had in their letters home. This made many more men go to war. Things gradually changed, death, disease, mud, it had suddenly hit that to fight for your country was not such an honour. Soldiers firstly began to write poetry because poetry was the most important mode of expression for those who were shocked and disillusioned by the realities of the First World War. I will be discussing five poems written by well-known war poets such as: ‘The Soldier’ by Rupert Brooke, ‘Into Battle’ by Julian Grenfell, ‘Dulce et decorum est’ by Wilfred Owen, ‘Base Details’ by Siegfried Sassoon and ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ by Wilfred Owen. Julian Grenfell had many years of editing before becoming a distinguished war poet in his local newspaper. But he had always had his heart set on being part of the military. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in 1914. A year later, 1915, he was wounded in the head during battle and died later in hospital of shrapnel in the skull. Grenfell had always praised war saying in letters home â€Å" I adore war†¦it is like a big picnic, its all the best fun one ever dreamed of.† ‘Into Battle’ is a positive poem in which war is glorified. Rupert Brooke’s war experience consisted of one day of limited military action with the Hood Battalion during the evacuation of Antwerp. He never fought in the war as he died on Easter Sunday 1915 aged 28 from blood p... ...many to die but are given not burial, they just lie under rubble from buildings and their own skin serves as their pall? The â€Å"drawing down of blinds† could be the eyes that are shut in mourning, or the eyes that are shut as they die or it could even signify the blinds being drawn at night where a person kneels down to pray for those at war. There is either a positive or a negative attitude in war, there is no poet that will write both kinds of poems during the same time, there is always change in view as the time and the battle draws on. In most poems there is a definite sadness, the horrific images described and the loneliness and feeling of detachment from the world or the patriotism and honour to fight for one’s country. There are so many attitudes to war because people feel there are certain reasons for it, it also depends on what part you play in the war.

Internet - Disclosure of Personal Information On-line and Identity Thef

Disclosure of Personal Information On-line and the Occurrence of Identity Theft Introduction Identification is a critical and common process which we encounter on a regular basis as we carry out our daily activities. Companies, government agencies and institutions routinely ask individuals for personal information in order to help identify a specific individual from another. In the past, people have relied upon face-to-face exchange of information and identity verification but with the recent explosion of the Internet this system has become relatively obsolete. Personal information that had previously been stored in file cabinets in secure locations is now easily collected and stored on databases. Does this fast and efficient system violate the security of our personal information? Is our personal information and basic identifying data truly secure on the net? Irwin Winkler’s movie â€Å"The Net† illustrates the type of problems that can arise if an individual’s personal information falls into the wrong hands. Winkler’s main character, Angela Bennett, played by Sandra Bullock, fell victim to identity theft as her personal information and key identify data were stolen and used in order to exchange her identity with another.1 Although the plot of the movie seems a little far-fetched, identity theft by means of the Internet is a serious and common problem that occurs frequently in real life. How do we identify ourselves on the Internet? In the virtual realm of the Internet physical means for identification verification are relatively non-existent since it requires specific technology, such as biometrics, which is not widely used. Instead the most common methods for identity verif... ... lives an open book just waiting to be read. In order to prevent identity theft on-line we must take into account that Internet companies and the Internet, itself, play just as an important role in identity theft on-line as hackers and thieves. References 1. Winkler, I. (1995), â€Å"The Net†. 2. Noack, D. (2000), â€Å"Identity Theft Thrives in Cyberspace†, http://www.apbnews.com/newscenter/internetcrime/2000/03/08/idtheft0308.01html 3. Marlin, A. (2000), â€Å"Online Identity Theft a Growing Concern†, http://www.europe.cnn.com/2000/tech/computing/08/16/id.theft.offline.idg/ 4. Barlow, J. (2000), â€Å"Privacy On-line: A Shattered Illusion†, http://wings.buffalo.edu/Complaw/CompLawPapers/ryan.html 5. Chaum, D. (1996), â€Å"Achieving Electronic Privacy†, in High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace, edited by Peter Ludlow, pp.224-225. Internet - Disclosure of Personal Information On-line and Identity Thef Disclosure of Personal Information On-line and the Occurrence of Identity Theft Introduction Identification is a critical and common process which we encounter on a regular basis as we carry out our daily activities. Companies, government agencies and institutions routinely ask individuals for personal information in order to help identify a specific individual from another. In the past, people have relied upon face-to-face exchange of information and identity verification but with the recent explosion of the Internet this system has become relatively obsolete. Personal information that had previously been stored in file cabinets in secure locations is now easily collected and stored on databases. Does this fast and efficient system violate the security of our personal information? Is our personal information and basic identifying data truly secure on the net? Irwin Winkler’s movie â€Å"The Net† illustrates the type of problems that can arise if an individual’s personal information falls into the wrong hands. Winkler’s main character, Angela Bennett, played by Sandra Bullock, fell victim to identity theft as her personal information and key identify data were stolen and used in order to exchange her identity with another.1 Although the plot of the movie seems a little far-fetched, identity theft by means of the Internet is a serious and common problem that occurs frequently in real life. How do we identify ourselves on the Internet? In the virtual realm of the Internet physical means for identification verification are relatively non-existent since it requires specific technology, such as biometrics, which is not widely used. Instead the most common methods for identity verif... ... lives an open book just waiting to be read. In order to prevent identity theft on-line we must take into account that Internet companies and the Internet, itself, play just as an important role in identity theft on-line as hackers and thieves. References 1. Winkler, I. (1995), â€Å"The Net†. 2. Noack, D. (2000), â€Å"Identity Theft Thrives in Cyberspace†, http://www.apbnews.com/newscenter/internetcrime/2000/03/08/idtheft0308.01html 3. Marlin, A. (2000), â€Å"Online Identity Theft a Growing Concern†, http://www.europe.cnn.com/2000/tech/computing/08/16/id.theft.offline.idg/ 4. Barlow, J. (2000), â€Å"Privacy On-line: A Shattered Illusion†, http://wings.buffalo.edu/Complaw/CompLawPapers/ryan.html 5. Chaum, D. (1996), â€Å"Achieving Electronic Privacy†, in High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace, edited by Peter Ludlow, pp.224-225.